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What is cancer?

Nowadays, the classification of cancer is mainly based on the cell type of the tumor-derived tissue and its biological behavior. In pathology, tumors in each system are classified. According to the development of the tumor, it can be divided into: benign tumor and malignant tumor. Benign tumors grow in the original place and will not spread to other parts of the body without endangering life. However, if it keeps proliferating, it may compress adjacent organs and become malignant tumors

Cancer is a common name for a series of related diseases. In a normal healthy human body, cells will grow and divide according to the needs of the body. When cells age or become damaged, they die and are replaced by new cells. However, in people with cancer, their cells divide uncontrollably and spread to neighboring tissues.

Cancer classification by stage

Cancers are classified individually according to their stage. There are several types of staging methods. The most commonly used method uses classification in terms of tumor size (T), the degree of regional spread or node involvement (N), and distant metastasis (M). This is called the TNM staging. Stages can be divided according to the TNM staging classification. Cancer is usually divided into stage 0, to stage IV, and stage IV is the most serious. The basis of staging is the size and spread of the tumor as below:

Stage 0: carcinoma in situ(in its place) abnormal cells are growing in their normal place.
Stage I: cancers are localized to one part of the body. Stage I cancer can be surgically removed.
Stage II: cancers are early locally advanced. Stage II indicates affected lymph nodes on only one side of the organ. Cancer can be treated by chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery.
Stage III: cancers are also late locally advanced. Stage III indicates affected lymph nodes above and below the organ. Cancer can be treated by chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery.
Stage IV: cancers have often metastasized and spread to other organs or throughout the body. Stage IV cancer can be treated by chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery. Despite treatment, a patient's mortality rate can be significantly higher with Stage IV cancer.

Human Body System Cancer Types

The smallest unit that makes up the human body is the cell. When the cell differentiates into tissue, the tissue and organ form a system, and all systems form a living body. Among them, the organs are grouped together according to a certain model, and the structure that completes the physiological functions together is called a system. According to their functions, the human organs can be divided into 12 systems such as lymphatic immunity, digestion, endocrine, cranial nerves, reproduction, respiration, skin, cardiovascular circulation, muscles, bones, urinary and vision etc. Please check below items.

Human Body System Cancer Types

Lymphatic System Cancer

The lymphatic system is a system of thin tubes and lymph nodes that run throughout the body. These tubes are called lymph vessels. The lymph system is an important part of immune system. It plays a role in fighting bacterias and other infections and destroying abnormal cancer cells. The lymph contains a high number of white blood cells called lymphocytes. These cells fight infection and destroy abnormal cells. When cancer cells break away from a tumour, they may become stuck in one or more of the nearest lymph nodes.
Lymphatic System Cancer

Digestive System Cancer

The digestive system is made up of the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. These organs work together to break down the food into nutrients that are absorbed by the bloodstream and carried to all of the cells in body. This is what gives body the vital fuel it needs to function. The most common types of digestive cancers are Esophageal cancer, Stomach cancer and Colorectal cancer.
Digestive System Cancer

Endocrine System Cancer

The endocrine system consists of cells that produce hormones. Hormones are chemical substances that are formed in the body and carried in the bloodstream to have a specific regulatory effect on the activity of other organs or cells in the body. An endocrine tumor is a growth that affects the parts of the body that secrete hormones. Because an endocrine tumor arises from cells that produce hormones, the tumor itself can produce hormones and cause serious illness such as includes the thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, parathyroid, and pituitary glands cancer.
Endocrine System Cancer

Brain Nervous System Cancer

The body's brain nervous system consists of the spinal cord and the brain. The spinal cord consists of nerves that carry information back and forth between the body and the brain. The brain is the center of thought, memory, and emotion. It controls the 5 senses, which include smell, touch, taste, hearing, and sight. It also controls movement and other basic functions of the body, including heartbeat, circulation, and breathing. A nervous system tumor begins when healthy cells within the brain or the spinal cord change and grow out of control, forming a mass.
Brain Nervous System Cancer

Reproductive System Cancer

The tissues, glands, and organs involved in producing offspring. In women, the reproductive system includes the ovaries, the fallopian tubes, the uterus, the cervix, and the vagina. In men, it includes the prostate, the testes, and the penis. Reproductive cancers are those which occur in the reproductive organs. Breast and cervical cancers and prostate and testicular cancers are the most common reproductive cancers
Reproductive System Cancer

Respiratory System Cancer

The main role of the Respiratory System is the inhalation of fresh oxygen (O2) needed by the body's cells and the exhalation of waste carbon dioxide (CO2). It also helps maintain body temperature and eliminate excess water from the body. The Respiratory system is dependent on the proper functioning of the circulatory system as the O2 and waste CO2 are carried in the blood stream. Common types of respiratory cancers include tracheal, lung, and bronchial cancers. The trachea connects the mouth and nose to the lungs. It divides into a right and left bronchi, or airways that give air to the lungs.
Respiratory System Cancer

Skin System Cancer

Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells. The most often develops on skin exposed to the sun. But this common form of cancer can also occur on areas of skin not ordinarily exposed to sunlight.There are three major types of skin cancer — basal cell carcinoma,squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. One can reduce the risk of skin cancer by limiting or avoiding exposure to ultraviolet radiation. By checking skin for suspicious changes can help detect skin cancer at its earliest stages.
Skin System Cancer

Cardiovascular System Cancer

A type of cancer diseases that affects the heart or blood vessels. The risk of certain cardiovascular diseases may be increased by smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, and obesity. The most common cardiovascular disease is coronary artery disease (narrow or blocked coronary arteries), which can lead to chest pain, heart attacks, or stroke. Other cardiovascular diseases include congestive heart failure, heart rhythm problems, congenital heart disease (heart disease at birth), and endocarditis (inflamed inner layer of the heart). Also called heart disease.
Cardiovascular System Cancer

Muscular System Cancer

The muscular system is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their predominant function is contractibility. Muscles, attached to bones or internal organs and blood vessels, are responsible for movement. Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction, and amoeboid movement of some white blood cells. muscle cancer or tumour, abnormal tissue growth located in or originating from muscle tissue. Tumours may either arise in muscle tissue or spread to it. Three major types of muscle tumours are leiomyomas, rhabdomyomas, and rhabdomyosarcomas.
Muscular System Cancer

Skeletal System Cancer

Skeletal bone cancer develops in the skeletal system and destroys tissue. It can spread to distant organs, such as the lungs. The usual treatment for bone cancer is surgery, and it has a good outlook following early diagnosis and management. The two main types are primary and secondary bone cancer. In primary bone cancer, cancer develops in the cells of the bone. Secondary bone cancer occurs when cancers that develop elsewhere spread, or metastasize, to the bones.
Skeletal System Cancer

Urinary System Cancer

Urinary cancers are common and comprise a gamut of lesions ranging from small benign tumors to aggressive neoplasms with high mortality. The predominant urinary tract malignancy is bladder cancer. The clinical challenge is early detection and adequate follow-up because recurrence is high and delayed diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis. Primary care physicians form a key part of the management apparatus for these patients and may be responsible for ensuring adequate ongoing surveillance.
Urinary System Cancer

Visual System Cancer

The common visual system Cancer is the optic pathway tumor along the visual system. This system sends signals from the eye to the brain so a person can “see” images. The visual system includes the optic nerve, the optic tract, the chiasm and the optic radiation. The Optic pathway tumors squeeze the visual system this causes pressure, weakens the imaging signals sent to the brain, and damages vision and the extent of vision damage depends on two factors: one is location of the tumor and other is how early it is diagnosed, these tumors may grow rapidly or slowly. The sooner the pressure is removed, the easier it is for vision to be restored.
Visual System Cancer